CentOS7 安装 MariaDB14

使用默认的 yum install mariadb-server时，默认安装的是和Mysql相兼容的5.5版本。想安装Mariadb 10.1或以上版本，必须先指定yum源。

使用源配置向导

https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories

　　可以选择合适的操作系统和想要安装的MariaDB版本，然后自动生成源配置,我使用的是：

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# MariaDB 10.4 CentOS repository list - created 2020-03-11 06:46 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1

配置yum源

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo

　　将上面的内容复制进去，保存退出。

更换国内镜像源

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sudo sed -i 's#yum\.mariadb\.org#mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum#' /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo 
sudo sed -i 's#http://mirrors\.ustc\.edu\.cn#https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn#g' /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo

安装MariaDB 14.x

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yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client -y

如果出现了 MariaDB can’t be installed because of conflict with mariadb-libs-xxxx，则需要先卸载当前安装的版本：

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yum remove -y mariadb-libs*

　　安装完成后，会提示你为root设置密码，此时需要先运行Mariadb。

MariaDB 配置开机启动

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[root@10-13-18-4 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@10-13-18-4 ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

配置 MariaDB

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mysql_secure_installation

如果出现 error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2 "No such file or directory")',则说明mariadb没有启动，需要先运行Mariadb，参考上步。

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 Enter current password for root (enter for none):  输入当前的root密码(默认空)，直接回车
 Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] 选择unix_socket登陆，y
 Set root password? [Y/n] 设置新密码，y
 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 移除匿名用户，y
 Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 禁止root用户远程登录，y
 Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 移除测试数据库，y
 Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

配置 UTF -8

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vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
# 在[mysqld]下，修改（没有则添加）
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

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vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
# 在[mysql]下，修改（没有则添加）
default-character-set = utf8mb4

　　然后重启mysql服务

systemctl restart mysql

　　最后效果

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[root@10-13-18-4 my.cnf.d]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 13
Server version: 10.4.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value              |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary             |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_system     | utf8               |
| collation_connection     | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database       | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server         | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.003 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>

开启远程访问

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[root@10-13-18-4 my.cnf.d]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 13
Server version: 10.4.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.004 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

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